History of the Ambassador - Part One

From Conception to Opening Night

    The Ambassador's concept was a 'Super Cinema,' which is a cinema that also has provision for live theatre variety shows in addition to showing films. Up until that point cinemas were generally smaller in size, and often were conversions of public halls or other such buildings. Even purpose-built cinemas were small affairs often just a single-storey set up.

 

   Being conceived when silent films were at their height meant that the owners felt they would be future-proofed should the craze for moving pictures change. The Ambassador was the first of these new purpose-built cine-variety theatres to be constructed outside of London.

September 1927 - A Meeting of Minds

    The partnership of Read, Snape, and Ward appears to have started around 1926 when Alfred Snape, who had entered the cinema business as Secretary and organiser for the Trafford Picture House Ltd., joined forces with Councillor Frederick Reed, Chairman of Trafford Picture House Ltd, and Musical Director and cinema owner, Arthur Ward. The Ambassador Cinema Circuit was formed, with Fred Reed heading the Board as Chairman and Managing Director.

    By early 1927,  the directors had already engaged a local Manchester architect, John Knight, to design their new style of cinema. A special feature according to the report at the time was to be the "Cabaret Cafe Rendezvous" situated on the first floor beneath the upper circle balcony. The Cafe would have provision for 200 persons seated and on cabaret nights provision for 100 persons for dancing. 

    The estimated cost of the theatre to accommodate 1,820 persons was £34,000. However, in the end, it would cost £40,000 due to an accident that involved the need for new steelworks to be manufactured.

(Note: £40,000 would be £3,098,833.44 today.)

     On October 15th, a new company, Ambassador Super Cinema Ltd., was registered.  The financial advice at the time was for cinema circuit owners to register a company for each individual cinema to save liability from falling on the whole circuit should one of their cinemas fail.

October 1927  - Disaster Strikes as Work Commences

Newspaper report on the inquest of the two men 

(click to enlarge)

 

    Work commenced on preparing the site for the foundations of the Ambassador when, on Saturday, the 22nd, tragedy struck. Unfortunately, the site had been an old cinder tip, and although this was known to builders Gerrard and Sons of Swinton, there appears to have been a lack of knowledge of the dangers that this could pose to the men digging the shafts for the foundations.

    Two workers, John Cannon (31) and John Gregg (31), both lost their lives. John Gannon had passed out due to the fumes when John Gregg, seeing his colleague lying unconscious at the bottom of the 25ft deep shaft, descended intending to rescue him. He, however, was overcome and fell victim to the gas. When pulled out, Gregg’s arms were found to be clasped around his friend. Despite the efforts of another workman, Edward Wadsworth, and PC Harry Spencer, who applied artificial respiration to the men, both tragically died at the scene.

    John Gregg’s widow would later receive a heroism award on behalf of her deceased husband, from the Carnegie Trust. Both men’s dependents would receive a half share of the proceeds from the opening night of the Ambassador (£112 1s), even though the company was not liable.

November 1927 - Raising the Money

    On Thursday, November 3rd, a prospectus was issued for Ambassador Super Cinema Ltd., a new company as part of the newly formed Ambassador cinema circuit. This prospectus had been financed with a capital of £35,000 in ordinary shares of £1 each. Their purpose was to acquire a plot of land, free from fief, in Langworthy Road, Pendleton, for £3,850, and to construct an up-to-date super cinema and café on a portion of the site, with a motor park for 100 cars adjoining.

(Note:  this fact appears to be slightly out of sync with the timeline, this was how it was reported in the Bioscope at the time)

December 1927 – Tenders invited for the building work

 “Manchester.—Tenders are being invited in connection with the erection of the new Ambassadors Cinema at Pendleton, Manchester, for the Ambassador Super Cinema, Ltd., of 13. St. Ann's Street, Manchester. The new kinema has been planned by John Knight, F.R.I.B.A., of 5, Cross Street, Manchester. The site is in Langworthy Road, Pendleton, and it will have a capacity of 1,820 persons.” Kinematograph Weekly - Thursday 22 December 1927.  Swinton based P. (Percy) Hamer Ltd who built many public buildings, including a number of cinemas won the tender to build the Ambassador. 

July 1928 - Accident Causes Delay

    In July 1928, damage to the tune of about £4,000 occurred when one of the main roof girders was being hoisted into position, and the steel hawser (rope) snapped. The falling girder caught three others that were already in position, bringing them crashing to the ground. Part of the newly erected outside wall was also knocked down. The intention of opening the cinema in early December was postponed as new girders had to be manufactured.

 

 

August 1928 – Back on track

  In August 1928 everything appeared to be back on track according to a report in a trade paper, The Bioscope on Wednesday, August 1st, 1928: “Ambassador Super Cinema, Manchester. The whole of the steelwork for the Ambassador Super Cinema, Pendleton, Manchester, will be delivered and erected within the next three weeks, by which time the steelwork contract will be completed. Alfred Snape states that the theatre will open in December according to plan.”

 

      Images from NWFA showing building work on the site

December 1928 - Christmas Eve Gala Opening

The buzz surrounding the Ambassador, including its grand inauguration by Salford's Mayor took center-stage in the newspapers as the Ambassador was a pinnacle of luxury for Salford at that time, a cinema of unparalleled grandeur, truly worthy of the title “Picture Palace”. From Marble staircases to sumptuous fixtures and ornate decoration and deep pile carpeting, ordinary people could escape their grey existence and be transported to other worlds.
    Salford's newest cinema, the Ambassador Super Cinema, gracefully nestled in one of the city's most coveted suburban locales, throws open its doors on the hallowed Christmas Eve and was inaugurated by the Mayor of Salford, Councillor A. H. Collins, who enthusiastically declared, "I am delighted! Salford has played second fiddle to Manchester for too long. We now have a cinema comparable to any in Manchester!" The evening's three-hour entertainment program featured two films: "Vaudeville," starring Emil Jannings and Lya De Putti (original title: Varieté 1925), and "Enemies of Society," starring Conway Teal and Margaret Morris. Musical performances were delivered by John Hughes and Madame Edna Melling, accompanied by The Ambassador Orchestra under the skilled direction of Mr. Arthur L. Ward, who was also one of the three main directors of Read, Snape, and Ward. During the intermission and organ interlude, patrons were captivated by the performances of organists Mr. Norman Cocker and Mr. Reginald Liversidge, who skilfully played a selection of both popular and classical music on the "Rex Gloria" cinema organ.”

    All proceeds from the opening gala were donated to the dependents of the two men, John Gannon and John Gregg, who tragically lost their lives during the excavation of the cinema's foundations. It was reported in the Manchester Evening News - Tuesday 05 March 1929, "Dependents of the two men killed during the erection of the Ambassador Cinema Pendleton shared £112 1s*., which was raised by a benefit performance at the cinema."

Facsimile copy of the original Souvenir Programme From the grand opening on Christmas Eve, December 24th 1928. 

 

* This would be worth the equivalent of £8,128 in today’s money. The average weekly pay for a building labourer in 1929 was around 11 shillings and 6 pence, (worth £44.93 today).

Reginald Liversidge at the 'Rex Gloria' organ at the Ambassador Super Cinema Salford 1928

The first-ever film shown in the Ambassador

Modern-day trailer for Vaudeville - Original title: Varieté,  a German film from 1925 starring Emil Jannings and Lya De Putti

You can watch the full film (German titles)  >Here< 

 



Learn more about the men behind the creation, and ownership of the Ambassador Super Cinema by clicking the buttons below

Create Your Own Website With Webador